Can we assume you tried to charge it back to your customer first? That would have been my first thought, since if he knew the check had a problem, he would be correctly burdened with the charge-back.
Assuming he didn't have the money, then you may have a case in court against the issuing bank. You could demand payment from them as a holder in due course, since you gave value and qualified on all the other criteria for this position. Try that, by letter first, to see if that doesn't shake the bucks loose. If not, you'll probably have to weigh calling an attorney.
And I'd wonder long and hard about that "stale date" legend on the check. That and cashier's checks just don't mesh.
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John S. Burnett
BankersOnline.com
Fighting for Compliance since 1976
Bankers' Threads User #8